Xanthoma is a tumour composed of lipid-filled histiocytes containing lipid material in the cytoplasm. A prominent manifestation of the hyperlipoproteinaemias is xanthomas in soft tissue, tendinous, subperiosteal and intraosseous locations. Tuberous and tendinous xanthomas produce nodular masses in soft tissue and tendons that rarely calcify; tendinous xanthomas are common in the fingers, heel, elbow and knee, at which sites they may erode subjacent bone.

Subperiosteal xanthomas are associated with scalloping of the external cortical surface. Intramedullary deposition of lipids leads to lytic defects and pathologic fractures.

Type of Xanthomas

There are various type of Xanthomas these are as :-

Xanthelasma palpebrum.
Tuberous xanthomas.
Tendinous xanthomas.
Eruptive xanthomas.
Plane xanthomas.
Diffuse plane xanthomatosis.
Xanthoma disseminatum.

Causes of Xanthomas

The cause of xanthomas on the eyelids is not known. Xanthomas are not contagious nor are they harmful.
Eruptive xanthomas are caused by elevated blood triglyceride levels.

Symptoms of Xanthomas

Xanthomas are soft, fatty lumps that appear under the skin. They usually have a yellowish color and are flat. They range in size from 2-6 centimeters. They may occur in any area of the body.

Diagnosis of Xanthomas

Ultrasonography, CT and MR imaging are favoured for the diagnosis of soft tissue xanthomas.

Treatment of Xanthomas

The main treatment of xanthomas are associated with an underlying lipid disorder is to identify and treat the lipid disorder. In many cases, treating the underlying disorder will reduce or resolve the xanthomas. In addition, treating hyperlipidaemia will reduce the risk of heart disease, and treating hypertriglyceridaemia will prevent pancreatitis. Dietary and lifestyle modifications with or without medication are used to treat lipid disorders.

Treatments for Xanthelasmas include :-

Topical trichloroacetic acid.
Electrodesiccation.
Laser vaporisation.
Excision.

|| Home || Contact Us || Resources ||